পবিত্র ক্রুশ সংঘের ইতিহাস এবং বঙ্গে আগমন

 

cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni BwZnvm Ges e‡½ AvMgb

d«vwÝm& myB‡Wb wcDixwd‡Kkb

 

K¨v_wjK gÐjx‡Z A‡bK¸‡jv ag©xq m¤úÖ`vq Av‡Q| ag©xq m¤úÖ`vq¸‡jv †Kvb wbw`©ó ¯’v‡b ‰cÖwiwZK KvR K‡i bv eis †hLv‡b Lªx‡ói evYx cÖPv‡ii Rb¨ †KD †bB Ges RbMY Lªxwóq hZœ †_‡K ewÂZ eªZavixMY †mLv‡b †cÖwiZ nb HkivR¨ cÖwZôv Kivi j‡ÿ¨| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`k gÐjx‡Z cÖvq wÎkUvi gZ ag©xq m¤úÖ`v‡qi eªZavix-eªZavwibxMY ‰cÖwiwZK ‡mev w`‡q hv‡”Qb|

cweÎ µzk m¤úÖ`vq Zvi g‡a¨ GKwU| cÖ_g `jwU hvÎv K‡i 1853 Lªxóv‡ã; wZbRb eªv`vi, cvuPRb wm÷vi Ges wZbRb dv`vi I GKRb †mwgbvixqvb whwb cieZ©x‡Z hvÎvKv‡jB hvRKxq Awf‡lK MÖnY K‡ib| ZrKvjxb mg‡q evsjv‡`k wQj `~M©g AÂj| AvaywbK mf¨Zvi †Qvuqv ZLbI Avgv‡`i †`‡k Av‡mwb| †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v cÖvq wQj bv ej‡jB P‡j| mgy‡`ª c‡_ cv‡ji Rvnv‡R P‡o Avm‡Z 12 Rb wm÷vi, eªv`vi Ges dv`vi‡`i A‡bK Kó ¯^xKvi Ki‡Z nq| mKj evauv AwZµg K‡i cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni eªZavixMY evsjv‡`‡ki †bvqvLvjx‡Z cÖ_g c`vc©Y K‡ib| eªv`vi †e‡bwW± cweÎ µzk msN †_‡K cÖ_g Rxeb DrmM© K‡ib evsjv‡`k gÐjxi Rb¨|

 

cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni cÖwZôvZv ab¨ g‡iv:

ab¨ dv`vi evwmj AvšÍbx †gix g‡iv cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni cÖwZôvZv| wZwb 1799 Lªxóv‡ãi 11 †deªæqvixi d«vÝ †`‡ki j¨v-gv kn‡ii GKwU `wi`ª cwiev‡ii Rb¥ MÖnY K‡ib|

11 Rb fvB-‡evb wb‡q Zv‡`i cwieviwU wQj LyeB ag© fxiæ| †QvU‡ejv evwmj g‡iv HwZnvwmK divwm wecø‡e hviv Lªxó wek¦v‡mi Rb¨ Rxeb DrmM© K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i exi‡Z¡i K_v Zb¥q n‡q ïbZ| Avi ZLb †_‡KB g‡iv cy‡ivwnZ nIqvi B”Qv cÖKvk K‡ib Zvui ˆ`bw›`b KvR K‡g©| ZviB cÖ¯‘wZ ¯^iƒc gv‡V Miæ Piv‡bvi mg‡q j¨vwUb fvlv wkL‡Zb| 1816 Lªxóv‡ã 17 eQi eq‡m wZwb †mwgbvix‡Z †hvM †`b| g‡iv wbw`©ó mg‡qi `yB eQi Av‡MB we‡kl AbygwZµ‡g gvÎ 22 eQi eq‡m hvRKxq Awf‡lK jvf K‡ib| hvRK nIqvi ciB wZwb ¯’vbxq ag©cÖ‡`kxq †mwgbvix‡Z wkÿK wn‡m‡e wb‡qvM cvb| wZwb Aí‡ZB gvby‡li g‡bv‡hvM AvKl©Y Ki‡Z Ges gvbyl‡K msMwVZ Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb| ZvB wKQzw`‡bi g‡a¨B wZwb Qv·`i wcÖq n‡q DV‡jb|

 

mvay †hv‡m‡di eªv`vi‡`i `vwqZ¡ MÖnY Ges hvRK `j cÖwZôv:

ab¨ g‡iv Zvui `vwq‡Z¡i cvkvcvwk wewfbœ KvR Ki‡Zb| ÔDËg †glcvj‡Ki wm÷viMYÕ bv‡g GKwU Avkªg cÖwZôvq wZwb we‡kl mnvqZv K‡ib Ges eû eQi Zv‡`i cwiPvj‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| wZwb GKwU mgvR cªwZôv K‡ib hvi bvg: ÔDËg †glcvj‡Ki mnKvix msNÕ| ab¨ g‡iv dv`vi, wm÷vi Ges eªv`vi‡`i wbR©b a¨vb cwiPvjbv Ki‡Zb| dv`vi WzRvwi‡qi Aby‡iv‡a dv`vi g‡iv mvay †hv‡m‡di eªv`vi‡`i evwl©K wbR©b a¨vb cwiPvjbv K‡ib| dv`vi WzRvwi‡q eq‡mi fv‡i e„× Ges kvixwiK mgm¨vi Kvi‡Y 1820 Lªxóv‡ã ¯’vwcZ mvay †hv‡m‡di eªv`vi msNwU mwVKfv‡e cwiPvjbv Ki‡Z cviwQ‡jb bv|

ZvB dv`vi WzRvwi‡q wm×všÍ wb‡jb †h, mvay †hv‡m‡di eªv`vi‡`i `vwqZ¡ wZwb dv`vi g‡ivi nv‡Z Zz‡j w`‡eb; wZwbB GKgvÎ †hvM¨ e¨w³| dv`vi WzRvwi‡q Zvui B”Qvi K_v dv`vi g‡iv‡K Rvbv‡jb| ag©cv‡ji Aby‡iva µ‡g ab¨ dv`vi g‡ivI mvay †hv‡m‡di åvZ…ms‡Ni `vwqZ¡fvi MÖnY K‡ib 1835 Lªxóv‡ãi AvMó gv‡m| dv`vi WzRvwi‡q G msNwU ¯’vcb K‡iwQ‡jb wecø‡e weaŸ¯Í divmx RvwZ‡K AwkÿZ †_‡K wkwÿZ K‡i Zzjvi Rb¨| ZvB ab¨ dv`vi g‡iv Gi `vwqZ¡fvi MÖnY K‡I ms‡Ni ms¯‹vi K‡ib Ges j¨vu-gv-†Z be¨vjq ¯’vbvšÍwiZ K‡ib| mvay †hv‡m‡di åvZ…ms‡Ni `vwq‡Z¡i mv‡_ wZwb mnKvix hvRK `j bv‡g GKwU msN ¯’vcb K‡ib| hvRK‡`i msL¨v AZ¨šÍ mxwgZ _vKvq wZwb ag©cÖ‡`kxq hvRK‡`i mvnvh¨ Kivi Rb¨ hyeK‡`i wb‡q mnKvix hvRK `j MVb K‡iwQ‡jb| 

 

ab¨ g‡ivi msN cÖwZôv:

ab¨ g‡iv Ômvay †hv‡md msNÕ Ges ÔmnKvix hvRK `jÕ `ÕywU kvLv‡K GKwÎZ K‡i ÒcweÎ µzkÓ MÖv‡gi  bvgvbyhvqx ¯’vwcZ ms‡Ni bvgKiY K‡ib| ab¨ g‡iv †mwgbvixi `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i AvmwQ‡jb| wKš‘ msN cÖwZôv Kivi ci Zvui c‡ÿ Avi m¤¢e nw”Qj bv †mwgbvixi `vwqZ¡ cvjb Kiv| ZvB wZwb †mwgbvixi `vwqZ¡ ‡_‡K wb‡R‡K gy³ K‡ib| 1841 Lªxóv‡ãi w`‡K wZwb K‡qKRb gwnjv‡K msMwVZ K‡i cweÎ µzk wm÷vi msN ¯’vcb K‡ib Ges wm÷vi msNwU‡K wZwb cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni Z…Zxq kvLv wn‡m‡e AšÍfz©³ K‡ib| ab¨ dv`vi g‡iv wZbwU kvLvi cÖwZcvjK wn‡m‡e wm÷vi‡`i DrmM© K‡ib mß †kv‡Ki ivYx gvixqvi wbKU, eªv`vi‡`i mvay †hv‡m‡di wbKU Ges dv`vi‡`i hxïi cweÎ ü`‡qi wbKU| Avevi †MvUv msN‡K DrmM© K‡ib mß †kv‡Ki ivYx gvixqvi wbKU| cweÎ µzk msN‡K M‡o Zzj‡jb bvRv‡i‡_i cweÎ cwievi I wÎ-e¨w³ ci‡gk¦‡ii H‡K¨i Av`©‡k|

 

ms‡Ni bvgKiY:

cweÎ µzk msNwU ab¨d dv`vi evwmj g‡iv d«vÝ †`‡ki †h ¯’v‡b ¯’vcb K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi ÔcweÎ µzkÕ| †mB bvgvbymv‡i ms‡Ni bvg n‡q‡Q ÔcweÎ µzk msNÕ| j¨vwUb fvlvq ÔSanta Croce’| j¨vwUb fvlvq ejv nq Congregazione di Santa Croce | (Bs‡iwR‡Z Congregation of Holy Cross) | Congregazione di Santa Croce -Gi mswÿß iƒc nj wmGmwm (CSC)| GRb¨B cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni wm÷vi, eªv`vi Ges dv`viMY bv‡gi †k‡l wmGmwm (CSC) wj‡L _v‡Kb|

 

cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni g~j gš¿:

ab¨ dv`vi g‡ivi †QvU †ejv †_‡KB B”Qv wQj †cÖiYKg©x (Missionary) nIqvi| wKš‘ wZwb ms‡Ni †bZ„Z¡`vb K‡ib weavq ev¯Í‡e †Kvb †`‡k ‡cÖwiZ n‡Z cv‡ibwb| Ab¨w`‡K †cvc Zvu‡K e‡jb e½‡`‡k hw` Zvui ms‡Ni mf¨‡`i †cÖiY K‡ib g½jevYx cÖPv‡ii Kv‡R Zvn‡j fvwUKvb †_‡K cweÎ µzk msN‡K Aby‡gv`b Kiv n‡e| ZvB wb‡R ‡cÖwiZ n‡Z bv cvi‡jI Zvui ms‡Ni mf¨‡`i cvVvb e½‡`‡k| ZrKvjxb mgq‡q e½‡`k wQj `~M©g AÂj| Ab¨ †Kvb ag©xq m¤úÖ`vq G‡`‡k Avm‡Z ivwR wQj bv| wKš‘ dv`vi g‡iv †cv‡ci P¨v‡jÄ MÖnY K‡ib Ges cweÎ µzk mf¨‡`i cÖ_‡g 12 m`‡m¨i GKwU `j cvVvb| ab¨ g‡iv ms‡Ni g~j gš¿ wn‡m‡e wb‡q‡Qb, ÒThe Cross, our only Hope” (j¨vwU‡b Spes Unica) A_v©r ÔµzkB Avgv‡`i GKgvÎ cÖZ¨vkvÕ|  GQvovI cweÎ µzk msN gÐjxi cÖ‡qvR‡b †h‡Kvb ¯’v‡b †cÖwiZ n‡Z cÖ¯‘Z| ms‡Ni cÖavb ˆewkó¸‡jv nj: msNe×Rxeb, wek¦v‡mi wkÿv`vb, Kg©‰ewPΨ, Hk †cÖg, AvšÍR©vwZKZv Ges AvwZ‡_qZv|

 

evsjv‡`‡k cweÎ µzk msN:

1853 Lªxóv‡ã e½ ev evsjv‡`k wQj `~M©g AÂj †hLv‡b Rxe‡bi †Kvb wbivcËv wQj bv| So-e„wó-Zzdvb, b`x-bvjv, †SvucSvoc~Y© `~M©g c_, bvbv RxeRš‘I fq, AmyL BZ¨vw` K‡Vvi cwi‡e‡ki g‡a¨I Zviv KvR Pvwj‡q †h‡Z _v‡Kb| wKš‘ Aí‡ZB AwZ Drmvnx, AvZ¥Z¨vMx‡`i cvuPRb b`x‡Z Wz‡e Ges bvbv Amy‡L AvµvšÍ n‡q g„Zz¨eiY K‡ib| G g„Zy¨‡ZI cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni mbœ¨vmeªZxiv wcQcv nbwb eis KvbvWv Ges Av‡gwiKv †_‡K wظY Drmvn wb‡q Avm‡Z ïiæ K‡ib| Zv‡`i AvZ¥Z¨v‡Mi d‡j AvR Avgv‡`i GB Lªxó gÐjx|

 

evsjv‡`‡k cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni eªv`vi‡`i KvR:

e‡½ cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni eªv`vi‡`i ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ae`vb wkÿv‡ÿ‡Î| cÖ_g wgkbvix eªv`viMY mK‡jB wQ‡jb we‡`kx KvbvWv, d«vÝ Ges Av‡gwiKvb| bZzb cwi‡ek, fvlv BZ¨vw` cÖwZK~j cwi‡e‡ki g‡a¨I Zviv KvR K‡i‡Qb| wkÿv we¯Ív‡ii cvkvcvwk Zviv ¯’vbxq gÐjx MV‡bI KvR K‡i‡Qb| ax‡i ax‡i ¯’vbxq hyeKiv DrmvnxZ n‡q eªv`vi n‡q Rxeb DrmM© Ki‡Z GwM‡q Av‡m| eZ©gv‡b evsjv‡`‡k 76 Rb ev½vjx eªv`vi Av‡Q| AwaKvsk eªv`viMY wewfbœ wkÿv-cÖwZôv‡b I gÐjx‡Z †mev w`‡q hv‡”Q Ges wKQz msL¨K eªv`vi †`‡k-†`‡ki evB‡i covïbv Ki‡Qb| eªv`vi‡`i cÖavb KvR wkÿv`v‡bi cvkvcvwk Zviv gv`Kvm³‡`i cybe©vmb, b¨vh¨Zv I kvwšÍ ¯’vcb, AvšÍtag©xq msjvc, hye MVb, a¨vbkªg cwiPjbv, cÖKvkbv,ag©cjøx Ges ag©cÖ‡`‡ki wewfbœ Kwgk‡b mvnvh¨ Kiv|

 

eZ©gv‡b eªv`viMY 10wU nvB ¯‹zj I 1 K‡jR cwiPvjbv Ki‡Qb Ges  cÖv_wgK we`¨vjq-wKÐviMv‡U©b 6wU Ges 2wU KvwiMwi we`¨vjq cwiPvjbv Ki‡Q| wkÿvi cvkvcvwk 2wU gv`Kvm³ cybe©vmb †K›`ª cwiPvjbvi Ki‡Q: ÔevivKvÕ Ges ÔAvcbÕ | Ck¦‡ii †meK eªv`vi †d¬weqvb w`qvs gwigq Avkªg cÖwZôv K‡i‡Qb| eZ©gv‡b eªv`vi j‡iÝ Wv‡qm Avkª‡gi mvwe©K ZË¡eav‡b Av‡Qb| GQvovI eªv`viMY †h ag©cjøx‡Z Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb cÖ‡qvRb Ges mvg_© Abyhvqx †mev w`‡q hv‡”Qb| mswÿßfv‡e GB cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni eªv`vi‡`i Ae¯’vb Ges evsjv‡`‡k ‰cÖwiwZK Kvh©µg|

 

eªv`viMY MÖv‡g ev evwo‡Z hvIqvi ci A‡b‡K cÖkœ K‡ib †h, Ôeªv`vi Avcwb K‡e dv`vi n‡eb?Õ AvR ej‡Z PvB †h, eªv`viiv KL‡bv dv`vi nqbv Ges n‡eI bv| eªv`viiv eªZ MÖnY K‡i eªv`viB nq fwel¨r‡Z dv`vi nIqvi Rb¨ bq| eje bv GUv RbM‡Yi åvšÍ aviYv| ev¯ÍeZv nj RbMY †hfv‡e AwfÁZv K‡i‡Q †mfv‡eB wPšÍv K‡i| G mgm¨v nIqvi KviY n‡”Q, hLb †mwgbvixqbMY cvjKxq AwfÁZv jv‡fi Rb¨ wewfbœ ag©cjøx‡Z hvq ZLb Zv‡`i cwiPq K‡i †`Iqv nq Òeªv`viÓ e‡j| AwfÁZv †k‡l †mwgbvixqbiv P‡j Av‡m Ges `yB GK eQi c‡i ‡`Lv hvq †mB †mwgbvixqb dv`vi n‡q‡Q| ZvB RbMY wPšÍv K‡i eªv`viiv wKQzw`b c‡i dv`vi n‡e| ZvB Rvb‡Z Pvq, eªv`vi K‡e dv`vi n‡eb? Avevi A‡b‡K g‡b g‡b K‡ib hv‡`i †hvM¨Zv Kg Zviv †kl ch©šÍ eªv`viB †_‡K hvq| GaviYvI mZ¨ bq| eªv`vi‡`i AvnŸvb Ges eªv`vi‡`i Rxeb ¯^Zš¿ Avevi hvRKxq AvnŸvb-RxebI ¯^Zš¿|

 

BwZnvm A‡bK e¨vcK welq, mswÿßKiY Lye mnR bq Z_vwc ms‡ÿ‡c g~j K_v¸‡jv Zz‡j aijvg| we¯ÍvwiZ AviI A‡bK welq Av‡Q hv GLv‡b Zz‡j aiv m¤¢e nqwb| hw` AviI we¯ÍvwiZ Rvbvi AvMÖn Rv‡M Zvn‡j cweÎ µzk ms‡Ni †h ‡Kvb wm÷vi, dv`vi Ges eªv`vi‡`i wbKU mvnvh¨ wb‡Z cv‡ib|

K…ZÁZv ¯^xKv‡i

  cweÎ µzk åvZ…ms‡Ni ¯§iwYKv, 2002, 2007